Explosive-engine.



N0. 632,9l7. Patented Sept. l2, I899.

C. R. DAELLENBACH.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(Application filed Oct. 1, 1898.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets$heet l,

w: scams Pmzns co. mom-Limo; wAsmNuTnN. u. c.

No. 632,9l7.

c. R. DAELLENBACH.

Patented Sept. l2, I899.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

{Application filed Oct 1, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

mz NORRvs PETERS co, vno'ro-umawusumurun, 0. cv

Nu. 632,9I7. Patented Sept. [2, r899.

12. R. DAELLENBAGH.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(Application filed Oct. 1, 1898.

4 Sheets$heet 4,

(No Model.)

a I p VJN NITED STATES PATENT IFFI CHARLES R. DAELLENBACH, OF ELLWOOD CITY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, KY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE ELLXVOOD CITY GAS ENGINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

EXPLOSlVE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 632,917, dated September 12, 1899.

Application filed October 1,1898. Serial No. 692,395. iN model-3 T0 aZZ whom, it may concern: formed in the standard I and is connected 130 it known that 1, CHARLES R. DAELLEN- with the crank-wheel l) bya pitman e, and E EACH, a citizen of the United States, residing designates the piston-cylinder, the forward at Ellwood City, in the county of Lawrence endf of which is preferably formed integral and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cerwith the standard B, as better shown in Figs. tain new and useful Improvements in Explo- 1, 2, and 4c. This cylinderE in the preferred siveEngines; and I do declare the following embodiment of the invention comprises the to be a full, clear, and exact description of the said forward head f, the rear head g, and the invention, such as will enable others skilled body h, interposed between and connected to IO in the art to which it appertains to make and the heads fg, and it is provided with comuse the same. pression-chambers 2' at its opposite ends, a

My invention relates to explosive-engines, central space j between said compressionand has for its general object to provide an chambers, annular explosion-chambers k,surexplosive-engine which is so constructed that rounding the compression-chambers, waterthe strokes of the piston in both directions are jackets Z, surrounding the explosive-chambers caused by pressure back of the same and and. having suitable inlets and outlets, (not which in consequence is capable of developshown,) and annular water-spaces m, intering great speed and power. posed between the compression-chambers and With the foregoing in View the invention explosive-chambers and communicating with 20 willbe fully understood from the following dethe water-jackets. The cylinderE is also proscription and claims when taken in conjuncvided (see Fig. 5) with a longitudinal passage tion with the annexed drawings, in which n, which communicates at its ends with the Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved explosion-chambers k and has ports 19 adjacngine with one end partly broken away. jent to said ends for a purpose presently de- 25 Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is scribed, and said cylinder is further provided a section taken in the plane indicated by the with inlet-passages q for the explosive or e);- line 3 3 of Fig. 2, with parts broken away. plosive mixture and exhaust ports or passages Fig. at is a horizontal section of the pistonr for the products of combustion, as better cylinder, taken in the plane indicated by the shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The passages q com- 0 line 0cm of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a Vertical section municate at their inner ends with the comtaken in the plane indicated by the line y y pression-chambers 2', and at their outer ends of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged transthey are connected to a valve-casing 25, which verse sections taken in the planes indicated in turn is connected at its middle to an exby the lines .2 z and r 1;, respectively, of Fig. plosive-supply pipe u and has inwardly-open- 35 4t; and Fig. 8 is a detail section taken in the ing valves v adjacent to its ends, as shown. plane indicated by the line 10 w of Fig. 6. The exhaust-ports r are arranged at about In the said drawings similar letters desigthe points shown in communication with the nate corresponding parts in all of the several explosion-chambers and are preferably conviews, referring to which nected, as shown, to the T-head w of a pipe 40 A designates the bed of my improved en- 00, which may lead to any desired point of diso gine. charge.

B B designate standards which are con- Fdesiguates the piston of the engine. This nected to and rise from the bed. 0 desigpiston F is of tubular form and suitable dinates a drive-shaft which is j on rnaled in said ameterto snugly fit the explosion-chambers k,

45 standards and is provided, in addition to the and it is provided at its middle with the cen- 5 usual balance-wheel a and crank-wheel b,with tral imperforate diaphragm y, to which the two eccentrics c for a purpose presently depiston-rod z is connected, said rod extending scribed. through a stufiing-box a in the cylinder-head D designatesacross-head which is arranged f and being connected at its forward end to 50 and adapted to reciprocate between guides d, the cross-head D, as shown. The said piston 10o F is further provided with ports Z) c which are disposed at opposite sides of the head 3 for a purpose presently described.

The pipe it, before described, may be connected with any suitable source of explosive supply. I prefer, however, to connectit to the carbureter I, which forms part of my invention and is illustrated in detail in Figs. 6 and 8. This carbureter comprises a casing c", to which the pipe uis connected, a vertically-disposed pipe f, which is designed to be connected with a source of hydrocarbon-s11pply and is provided with a valve-seat g, a valve h, which is arranged in the pipe f above the seat g and is provided with the depending stem 2', the verticallymovable valve j, which is disposed below said stem 7." and above a shoulder 2* in the casing and has the stem 70, extending through the casing and equipped with the stop j at its lower end, and thecollar Z', which is mounted on the lower end of the casing and is provided with a handle and with one or more apertures 01', designed to be registered with similar apertures n in the casing-wall after the manner illustrated in Fig. 8. In virtue of this construction of carbureter it will be observed that when the engine is in operation the suction created by each stroke of the piston F will raise the valve j and through the medium of the same will also raise the valve 72,, with the result that both air and hydrocarbon will be admitted into the carburetor, where they will be thoroughly commingled prior to being drawn into the explosive-chambers of the engine. It will also be observed that through the medium of the collar Z the admission of air may be readily regulated and the speed of the engine thereby governed, it being simply necessary when the engine is to be run at full speed to adjust the said collar Z so as to make its apertures n coincide with the apertures 74 of the carbureter-casing and when the speed of the engine is to be reduced to adjust the collar Z so as to close the apertures n of the easing a greater or less extent. From this it follows that when the apertures 02 are entirely closed and the air necessary to support combustion is shut off the engine will stop.

The sparking mechanism of the engine is better illustratedin Figs. .2, 3, and 7, and comprises, in addition to the eccentrics 0 before described, the stationary contact-pieces p,

contact-pieces q are connected with springs s, which serve to normally'hold the fingers r away from the stationary contact-pices p, and said pieces q are also provided with projections 25. (Better shown in Fig. 2.) These projections t are designed for the engagement 7 of the rods u, which extend loosely through swivel-bearings 1 and terminate at their rear ends in straps 10, receiving the eccentrics c on the shaft 0, as shown. The said eccentrics c are oppositely disposed, and consequently it will be observed that with the engine in operation one rod u will be moved forwardly while the other is moved rearwardly. \Vhen the rods move forwardly, they will press against the projections 25, and thereby rock the contactpieces q, so as to carry the fingers 1* against the stationary contact-pieces p, and will then ride over the said contact-pieces i and permit the fingers r to quickly jump away from the contact-pieces p and form the sparks. The eccentrics c being oppositely disposed, as stated, it follows that sparks will be formed in the explosionchambers alternately.

The movements of the parts comprised in my improved engine are so timed that with the apertures n of collar Z arranged coincident with the apertures n of the carburetercasing the operation is as follows: On the stroke of the piston F toward the right a charge of explosive mixture is drawn through the carbureter I, valve-casing Z, and the lefthand passage q into the left-hand compressionchamberiof the piston-cylinder. On the succeeding stroke of said piston toward the left a charge of explosive mixture is drawn through the carbureter and right-hand passage (1 into the right-hand compression-chamher 71, while at the same time the charge previously drawn into the left-hand chamber 7; is compressed. When the pistonin its movement toward the left reaches a position which brin s its ort 1) into re ister with the port 19 to the left, the right-hand end of the passage 11 will be open to the right-hand explosion-chamber 7t, and in consequence the compressed charge of explosive in the lefthand compression'chamber 71 will pass therefrom through port 1), port 19, and passage '11, into said right-hand explosion-chamber. On the succeeding stroke of the piston toward the right the charge of explosive mixture in the right-hand explosion-chamber will be again compressed until the cylinder reaches the end of said stroke, when a spark will be formed in said right-hand explosion-chamber, and the resulting explosion drives the piston toward the left. During the movement stated of the piston toward the right the charge of explosive in the right-hand compression chamber 1' will be compressed until the port 0 of the piston registers with the righthand port 1), when the compressed explosive will pass through. the port 0, the right-hand port 1), and the passage it into the left-hand explosion-chamber. On the.

succeeding stroke of the piston to the left this charge of explosive in the left-hand explosionchamber 7c will be compressed until the piston reaches the end of said stroke, when a spark will be created in said explosionchamber and an explosion result which will drive the piston again toward the right. lVhen the piston is moved, as stated, by an explosion in one of the explosion-chambers 7c, the exhaust-port r of such chamber will be uncovered when the end of such movement is reached, so as to permit the escape of the products of combustion. At the same time the end of the passage a contiguous to said explosion-chamber will be uncovered, so as to permit of the entry into said explosionchamber of the compressed charge of explosive from the compression-chamber at the opposite end of the cylinder,as before described. Such charge of explosive will quickly clear the explosion-chamber of the products of combustion, as will be readily appreciated.

It follows from the foregoing that the strokes of the piston in both directions are caused by pressure back of the same and that consequently the engine is rendered exceedingly powerful and capable of developing high speed.

It will be observed that an explosion takes place precedent to each stroke of the piston and in a chamber or space separated from the chamber or space containing the piston-rod, which precludes leakage of flame and prodnets of combustion from the cylinder. It will further be observed that the inner central area of the piston creates on one side avacu um in order to draw a fresh charge of explosive into one compression-chamber 2', while at the same time and during the same stroke said central area on the other side compresses the charge of explosive which was drawn into the other compression-chamber t' incident to the previous stroke of the piston; also, that the outer tubular area of the said piston is acted on at one end by an explosion in one of the chambers 70, while the same area at the opposite end simultaneously compresses a new charge of explosive in the pther cham ber for a subsequent explosion.

I have specifically described the construction and relative arrangement of-the parts in the present embodiment of my invention in order to impart a full, clear, and exact understanding of an engine constructed in accordance with the same. I do not, however, desire to be understood as confining myself to such construction and arrangement,as such changes or modifications may be made in practice as fairly fall within the scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder havingcompression-chambers at its opposite ends, explosion-chambers surrounding said compression-chambers, ex-

haust-ports communicating with the explosion-chambers, and a passage interposed between and connected at its ends With the explosion-chambers and provided with the inwardly-directed ports adjacent to said ends, a tubular piston snugly fitting the explosionchambers and having a diaphragm, at an intermediate point of its length, movable between the compression-chambers and also having ports at opposite sides of said diaphragm and adapted to register with the ports of said passage, and suitable means for igniting the explosive in the explosion-chambers, substantially as specified.

2. An engine comprising a cylinder, and a piston having an inner central area and an outer tubular area extended in opposite directions beyond the inner central area; the inner central area being adapted to create on one side a vacuum for the purpose of drawing a fresh charge of explosive into the cylinder while at the same time and incident to the same stroke said'inner central area on the opposite side compresses a charge of explosive which was drawn into the cylinder during the previous stroke, and the outer tubular area being adapted to be acted upon at one end by an explosion in the cylinder while its opposite cnd compresses a charge in the cylinder for the subsequent explosion, substantially as specified.

3. An explosive-engine comprising a tubular piston having a diaphragm at an intermediate point of its length, a cylinder containing the piston and having com pression-chambers disposed at opposite sides of the diaphragm of the piston, and explosion-chambers surrounding the compression-chambers and receiving the tubular ends of said piston, and means controlled by the piston for effectin g communication between the compressionchambers and the explosion-chambers, substantially as specified.

at. An explosive engine comprising a tubular piston havinga diaphragm, a cylinder containing the piston and having compressionchambers disposed at opposite sides of the diaphragm of the piston and provided with induction-ports for explosive, and explosionchambers surrounding the compression-chambers and receiving the tubular ends of said piston and having exhaust-ports controlled by said ends, and means controlled by the piston for effecting communication between one compression-chamber and the explosionchamber at the opposite side of the piston, and communication between the other compression-chamber and the explosion-chamber at the opposite side of the piston, alternately, substantially as specified.

5. An explosive-engine comprisingapiston, a cylinder containing the piston and having compression-chambers disposed at opposite sides of the piston, and explosion-chambers also disposed at opposite sides of the piston,

and means controlled by the piston for effecting communication between the compressionchamber and the explosion-chamber at the opposite side of the piston, and communication between the other compression-chamber and the explosion-chamber at the opposite side of the piston, alternately, substantially as specified.

6. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder having a compressionchamber and an explosion-chamber at each end and also having exhaust-ports communicating with the explosion-chambers, and a passage interposed between and connected at its ends with the two explosion-chambers and provided with theinwardly-directed ports adjacent to said ends, an explosive source of supply connected with the compression-chambers, and a piston interposed between and separatingthe two compression-chambers and also interposed between and separating the two explosion-chambers and having ports for effecting communication between the compression-chambers and the passage connected with the explosion-chambers, substantially as specified.

7. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder having a compressionchamber and an explosion-chamber at each end and also having exhaust-ports communi eating with the explosion-chambers, an explosive source of supply connected With the compression-chambers, and a piston interposed between and separating the compression-chambers and also interposed between and separating the explosion-chambers the said piston-cylinder having a passage connected at its ends to the explosion-chambers, and ports leading from said passage adjacent to the ends thereof, and the piston havingicoacting passages for effecting communication between each compression-chamber and the explosive-chamber at the opposite end of the cylinder, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES R. DAELLENBAOH.

Witnesses:

JOHN F. HAINES, H. N. MARSHALL. 

